Discussion:
Tarot and Astrology (Decans, Faces and Planetary Order)
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nagasiva
2004-01-04 07:13:37 UTC
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50040103 vii om

Astrology and Tarot
Decans, Faces, and Planetary Order

this is relevant once more to the Sacred Landscape forum (as it
delves into history, science, and natural orders argued by human
scientists and mystics and presupposed based on astronomy and myth)

# ...comparing the meanings of cards [in Mathers] to meanings
# of *decans* [in Agrippa].

by 'meanings of decans' do you just mean the Planetary matches
in Agrippa labelled "Faces" which the GD apparently used? I'm
looking at a Tyson Agrippa (Three Books of Occult Philosophy)
and it has decans in a different configuration than the GD used.
is Tyson off-base? see below.

# The difference is that a Etteilla and Mathers both wrote
# about cards, so borrowing is natural, while Agrippa talked
# about decans, so borrowing is not natural, but rather a
# statement that the each card draws on the decan's powers.

it's more complex than this. Tyson's Agrippa has Planetary
attributions/rulers for the decans different than the GD
Small Cards 2=>9, while Mathers appears to have been using
*FACES* for these cards, differing by some accounts (at
least Agrippa's) from that of DECANS.

in Google I discovered the following compound of assertions
(roughly falling into about 3 different astrologic theories
which I'll try to categorize as I go (knowledge-cataloguing):

DECANS/FACES
===================================================================

http://home.iprimus.com.au/gjdemontfort/AstrologicalGlossary.htm

# Decan (Decanate)
#
# A one-third (ten-degree) sector of a sign.
# Each sign has three decanates: 0-10 degrees, 11-20 degrees and
# 21-30 degrees.
# Each decan has its own ruler.
# Each decan is divided into two faces, a positive and a negative,
# each with its own ruler.
#
# Face
#
# Each sign of thirty degrees is divided into three segments called
# decans (decanates) of ten degrees, each with its own planetary ruler.
# Each decan is divided into a positive (active) and a negative
# (receptive) face of five degrees, expressing the polarity of the
# planetary ruler of the decan. Thus each sign has six faces, three
# positive and three negative, depending on the rulership of the
# decanates.

Theory A ('Traditional'?)
10 decans : 10' x (3 x 12 signs) = 360' (degrees)
20 faces : 5' x (6 x 12 signs) = 360'

----------------------------------------------------

http://www.panplanet.com/library/dict.htm

# DECANATE:
# Signs divided into three 10-degree divisions. In contemporary
# astrology the first decan of a sign is governed by its natural
# ruler. The second and third decans are governed by the rulers
# of the signs in the same element. Traditional rulership differs
# slightly, where each sign has three 10 degrees faces ruled by
# the seven classical planets in Chaldean order, starting with
# Mars ruling the first Face of Aries.
#
# FACE:
# Decanates - each sign divided into 10-degree division and
# assigned a ruler.

Theory B (Error?)('Contemporary'?)
decanate = face = 10 degrees
possibly runoff from Chaldean faces = Egyptian decanates?

------------------------------------

http://gfisher.org/chapter_3.htm

# A triplicity is a triple of signs forming an equilateral
# triangle in a horoscopic diagram. The terms arise from a
# subdivision of each zodiacal sign into five unequal parts,
# and the faces from a subdivision of each zodiacal sign
# into ten equal parts (so the ecliptic is subdivided into
# 360 parts, the number of days in an ancient Egyptian year).
# The faces derive from the ancient Egyptian decans. Three
# different ways of determining the terms are given by
# Ptolemy: an Egyptian, a Chaldean, and one of his own.
#
# ...
#
# decan
# decanate Based on the subdivision of a sign into three
# parts of 10' each. Each decan of a sign expresses subtle
# differences that distinguish it from the other two decans
# as described by its planetary sub-ruler, which operates
# in conjunction with the natural planetary ruler of the
# sign. The first decan of a sign (0' to 10') is sub-ruled
# by the natural ruler of the sign; the second decan
# (10' to 20') is sub-ruled by the ruler of the next sign
# in the zodiac that belongs to the same triplicity; the
# third decan (20' to 30') is sub-ruled by the ruler of the
# remaining sign in that triplicity. An older (Chaldean)
# method of assigning decan sub-rulers is based upon the
# rulers of Planetary Hours beginning with Mars as ruler
# and sub-ruler of the first decan of Aries and continuing
# the natural order of Planetary Hours' rulers through each
# successive decan, repeating as necessary until the zodiac
# is completed.
#
# ...
#
# face
# An obsolete term meaning the division of each sign into
# six equal parts of 5' each.

this is the most elucidating quotation yet since it begins
to identify historical progressions of decanates and faces
rather than attempt to enshrine one system as The Rulers.

Theory C (Egyptian/Chaldean Comparison/Derivations):

faces come from Egyptian decans (what does this mean?)

Chaldean method of assigning decan sub-rulers based
upon the rulers of Planetary Hours beginning with Mars
as ruler and sub-ruler of the first decan of Aries and
continuing the natural order of Planetary Hours' rulers
through each successive decan, repeating as necessary
until the zodiac is completed.

------------------------------------

http://www.aquamoonlight.uku.co.uk/horary.html

# Face
# a planet being in the decan in which it is strong of a sign.
# Each sign is divided into three faces or decans of ten degrees.
# This is the weakest of all the dignities
#
# Degrees: 00-09 10-19 20-29
# Aries Mars Sun Venus
# Taurus Mercury Moon Saturn
# Gemini Jupiter Mars Sun
# Cancer Venus Mercury Moon
# Leo Saturn Jupiter Mars
# Virgo Sun Venus Mercury
# Libra Moon Saturn Jupiter
# Scorpio Mars Sun Venus
# Sagit Mercury Moon Saturn
# Capric Jupiter Mars Sun
# Aquarius Venus Mercury Moon

Theory B
decanate = face = 10 degrees

------------------------------------

http://www.skyscript.co.uk/dig2.html

# The sixth column shows the degrees where rulership by face
# transfers. That is, Mars rules the first ten degree of Aries,
# from 0'00" - 9'59"; the Sun rules rules from 10'00" - 19'59" Aries.
#
# Notice how the order of planetary rulership over the faces winds
# across the column in descending order of their proximity to earth;
# that is - Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon.

they do? here's more of that apparent 'proximity justification'.

subTheory D: Planetary Proximity to Earth Explanation for Order

# As you read their order down the column, you find the pattern that
# matches the order of the days of the week - Sun, Moon, Mars,
# Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn:
#
# Sun - Sunday
# Moon - Monday
# Mars - Tuesday (equivalent Scandinavian god Tyr - O.E.: Tiw)
# Mercury - Wednesday(equivalent Scandinavian god Odin - O.E.: Woden)
# Jupiter - Thursday (equivalent Scandinavian god Thor)
# Venus - Friday (equivalent Scandinavian god Frigg)
# Saturn - Saturday

supplemental table (Ptolemy):
Loading Image...

cute!
------------------------------------

http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/mcmcann/glossary.htm

# Face. This is the weakest of all the essential dignities it
# happens when planets are placed within certain degrees in
# certain signs. See Ptolemy's table of essential dignities.
#
# _The Faces of
# _Signs the Planets_ --- ---
# Aries Mars 10 Sun 20 Venus 30
# Taurus Mercury 10 Moon 20 Saturn 30
# Gemini Jupiter 10 Mars 20 Sun 30
# Cancer Venus 10 Mercury 20 Moon 30
# Leo Saturn 10 Jupiter 20 Mars 30
# Virgo Sun 10 Venus 20 Mercury 30
# Libra Moon 10 Saturn 20 Jupiter 30
# Scorpio Mars 10 Sun 20 Venus 30
# Sagittarius Mercury 10 Moon 20 Saturn 30
# Capricorn Jupiter 10 Mars 20 Sun 30
# Aquarius Venus 10 Mercury 20 Moon 30
# Pisces Saturn 10 Jupiter 20 Mars 30

by far the most common: Theory B : decanate = face = 10 degrees

------------------------------------

http://www.astrology-x-files.com/astro-concepts/dignitydebility.htm

# Face (Decanate):
# These are not the hindu decanates but rather 3 equal divisions
# of a sign into 10 degrees. The planets are then assigned in
# descending chaldean order beginning with Mars for the first
# 10 degrees of Aries. There are 36 faces. Schmidt says that the
# greeks did not use this as a dignity but only had the 4
# dignities above and used this last section to judge the natives
# appearance or say something personal about the native. He also
# says that the decanates do not act as dispositors because they
# are personal property, not a form of "realty" (domicile, houses,
# etc...) as are the other dignities. Schmidt says that the
# decanates speak something in either 1st, 2nd or 3rd person
# (3 decans per sign) about the native that basically becomes
# that persons epithet. {9} [From notes on Robert Schmidt's
# lectures in Cumberland in early July 2000.]

note!

Theory E: Hindu decanates! to what does *this* refer?

------------------------------------

http://members.aol.com/tonylouis/home/glossd-h.htm

# DECANATE (DECAN):
# A division of each sign into three 10 degrees segments. There
# is a Hindu division of each sign into three decans ruled by the
# three signs of the same element. There is a Chaldean division
# of each sign into three 10 degrees faces ruled by the seven
# classical planets in Chaldean order, starting with Mars ruling
# the first Face of Aries.
#
# ...
#
# FACE:
# The weakest form of essential dignity, "like a man about to be
# turned out of doors.". Each sign is divided into three 10 degrees
# faces, and a different planet has dignity in each face of the sign.
# See Decanate.

here we apparently have a combination of Theories B *&* E!
and yet there is distinction: Hindu decanate, Chaldean faces.

------------------------------------

http://www.leelehman.com/pages/images/Dignity.pdf
(/html version via Google)

# Table Four. Comparison of Faces (Chaldean decanates)
# and (Oriental) decanates.
# Point value given by Lilly was +1.
#
# Sign 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30
# Aries g a f 1 5 9
# Taurus d s j 2 6 0
# Gemini h g a 3 7 -
# Cancer f d s 4 8 =
# Leo j h g 5 9 1
# Virgo a f d 6 0 2
# Libra s j h 7 - 3
# Scorpio g a f 8 = 4
# Sagittarus d s j 9 1 5
# Capricorn h g a 0 2 6
# Aquarius f d s - 3 7
# Pisces j h g = 4 8

The two appear here combined in a single table cyphered
with the language: Faces (Chaldean decanates)
and (Oriental) decanates.
and no mention of 6 faces per sign (which sounds Babylonian).

================================================================

so not only are there three different types of astrology
from which to take "decans" (Chaldean, Egyptian, Ptolemaic),
but as time wears on some conventions are being established
in the public mind about decans (such that they are identical
with faces, which many seem to know little or nothing). as
I'm curious about Tarot, I'd like to know whether Tyson's
notes on Agrippa reflect the accurate sequence, whether it
was Agrippa who omitted some background study, or whether
his mention of decans and faces includes attributions at
*all* (Tyson inserts it in the notes I think).

here's the best Decker and Dummett I could dig up on it:

# The associations of the numeral cards formed the most
# most elaborate part of Mathers' theory. First, he
# associated each rank with one of the *sephiroth*: the
# Aces with *sephira* 1*, Kether, and so on to the 10s
# with *sephira* 10, Malkuth. But he also associated
# the numeral cards other than the Aces with the 36
# decans of Egyptian astrology, each covering a third
# of the period of one of the signs of the zodiac, and
# each influenced by one of the planets.
# -----------------------------------------------------
# "A History of Occult Tarot", Decker/Dummett, p. 98;
# Duckworth, 2002.
# =====================================================

no mention of varying decan attrib tions, varying *meanings*
for the term 'decan' (no entry for the term!), and no section
on astrology (an oversight on their part?).

for good measure I'll toss in some of Tyson's Agrippa, so
that we won't keep recycling vague contentions in confusion:

FACES

# CHAPTER XXX
#
# When planets are of most powerful influence.
#
# Now we shall have the planets powerful when they
# are ruling in a house, or in exaltation, or
# triplicity, or term, or face ....
#
# [relevant ed. note:
#
# *face* -- There are three faces in each
# sign, each face ten degrees. In ancient
# times the faces were assigned to the
# planets in their Ptolemaic order:
#
# ------------ FACE ------------
#
# _Sign 1st 2nd 3rd_
# Aries Mars Sun Venus
# Taurus Mercury Moon Saturn
# Gemini Jupiter Mars Sun
# Cancer Venus Mercury Moon
# Leo Saturn Jupiter Mars
# Virgo Sun Venus Mercury
# Libra Moon Saturn Jupiter
# Scorpio Mars Sun Venus
# Sagittarius Mercury Moon Saturn
# Capricorn Jupiter Mars Sun
# Aquarius Venus Mercury Moon
# Pisces Saturn Jupiter Mars
#
# The faces are distinguished by Agrippa
# from the decans, which have a different
# system by which planets are assigned to
# rule them (see note 3, ch. XXXVI, bk. II).
# In other respects the decans and faces,
# as Agrippa uses the term, seem indis-
# tinguishable. See also note 12, ch. XXII,
# bk. 1.]
# -------------------------------------------------------------
# "Three Books of Occult Philosophy", by Agrippa, ed. and
# ann. by Donald Tyson, Llewellyn, 1997; pp. 359-360.
# =============================================================

it seems *very* interesting when we combine it with the following
(because Mathers is usually said to have attributed the material
looking like the *above* to the Small Cards 2->9, rather than the
material about the DECANS *below* provided in Tysons's Agrippa:

DECANS

# CHAPTER XXXVI
#
# Of the images of the Zodiac, what virtues they being
# engraven, receive from the stars.
#
# ...
#
# ... at the hour of the Sun, the first degree of the sign
# of Leo ascending, which is the face and decanate of
# Jupiter....
#
# [relevant ed. note
#
# *decanate* -- The Decans are divisions of the
# zodiac into three portions, each comprising
# ten degrees. In this sense they are the same
# as the faces, as Agrippa uses this term. The
# first decan in each sign is strongly of the
# nature of the sign, and is ruled by the
# ruling planet of the sign. The second decan
# is ruled by the ruling planet of the next
# sign in the elemental triplicity to which
# sign belongs. The third decan is ruled by the
# ruling planet of the third sign of the same
# elemental triplicity. The following table shows
# the decans and the planets that rule them.
#
# [ ------------ DECAN ------------ ]
#
# _Sign 1st 2nd 3rd_
# Aries Mars Sun Jupiter
# Taurus Venus Mercury Saturn
# Gemini Mercury Venus Saturn
# Cancer Moon Mars Jupiter
# Leo Sun Jupiter Mars
# Virgo Mercury Saturn Venus
# Libra Venus Saturn Mercury
# Scorpio Mars Jupiter Moon
# Sagittarius Jupiter Mars Sun
# Capricorn Saturn Venus Mercury
# Aquarius Saturn Mercury Venus
# Pisces Jupiter Moon Mars ]
# -------------------------------------------------------------
# Ibid., Agrippa, ed./ann. Tyson, Llewellyn, 1997; pp. 375-376.
# =============================================================

and presumably the reason one might not like *this* set is
that its awkward 7=>12 matching is ugly, and much uglier
than what was selected by Mathers and the GD for their
Small Cards (you tell me: faces or decanates or both?).


PLANETARY ORDER
===========================

some people maintain that what I was calling the Nigris Sequence
(because I'd found no other name for it) is what should be called
"The Chaldean Order of the Planets". is this different than "The
Order of the Ancients"? what's up with this? are the Ancients
Egyptians or Chaldeans? is more than one order associated with 'em?
is the whole stream of knowledge riddled with legends and falsities?

---------------------------------------------

http://www.leelehman.com/pages/glossary.html

# LI = Lilly, William. 1647. Christian Astrology. Reprinted in 1985
# by Regulus: London. Also available: Just Us & Associates.
#
# [who was often referenced by astrology sources but not cited]
# ...
#
# Chaldean order: the sequence of the planets and lights in order
# of geocentric mean motion, from the slowest to the fastest:
# Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon. This sequence
# is used in all sorts of different classical techniques.

this appears to be the most consistent and convincing argument,
attaching "Chaldean Order" to 7-6-5-1-3-2-M: 4-centered mean motion.

# ...
#
# [note here:
#
# Face: One of the minor dignities, also called Chaldean decanates.
# The faces are 10' slices of the signs, marked by planetary rulers
# falling in the sequence known as the Chaldean order.... ]

faces are here 10' slices, not 5'.

---------------------------------------------------

http://members.aol.com/tonylouis/home/glossa-c.htm

# CHALDEAN ORDER OF THE PLANETS:
# Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon. The first
# (geocentrically outermost) Chaldean planet, Saturn, is the
# "heaviest" or "slowest," and the 7th or last (geocentrically
# innermost) Chaldean "planet," the Moon, is the "lightest"
# or "swiftest."

while geocentrically Mercury is not next innermost, the speed
relation points back to 4-centered mean motion.

--------------------------------

Planetary Hours & Days
http://www.renaissanceastrology.com/planetaryhoursarticle.html

# The planetary hours are based on an ancient astrological system,
# the Chaldean order of the planets. This is the sequence:
#
# Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus,
# Mercury, Moon,
#
# then repeating endlessly Saturn, Jupiter, etc. The Chaldean order
# indicates the relative orbital velocity of the planets. From
# a heliocentric perspective this sequence also indicates the
# relative distance of the planets from the center of their orbits,
# i.e., the distance of the planets from the Sun (with the Sun
# switching places with the Earth in the sequence) and the distance
# of the Moon from the Earth. From a traditional geocentric
# perspective the Chaldean order also shows the arrangement of the
# planetary spheres.

Tyson's Agrippa has these spheres as (outward-in):

Primum Mobile, Zodiac,
Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus,
Mercury, Moon,
and Elemental

still no 'Order of the Ancients' -- is this made up by occultists?

---------------------------------------------------------

Planets, houses, and signs by Pam Ciampi
http://www.pciampi-astrology.com/planets.html

# What is the Chaldean Order?
#
# The Chaldeans were a people who lived in Babylonia in the 11th
# century BC. They developed astrology to such an extent that
# Chaldean came to mean "astrologer".
# The Chaldeans created the planetary order of influence by
# listing the visible planets by the real or "apparent" speed of
# their orbit.
#
# APPROXIMATE LENGTH OF SIDEREAL REVOLUTION PERIODS
#
# The length of time it takes a planet to complete one
# revolution in its orbit measured with respect to the fixed
# stars is called its sidereal year.
#
# Moon takes 28-30 days to orbit the Earth
# Mercury - 88 days
# Venus - 225 days
# Sun - 365 days "apparent motion"
# Mars - 1.88 years
# Jupiter - 11.86 years
# Saturn - 29.46 years
# Uranus - 84.08 years
# Neptune - 164.8 years
# Pluto - 248.4 years

rationality in detail.

----------------------------------------

in
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/mithras/message/773

john.wallace writes of:

# Otto Neugebauer's The Exact Sciences in Antiquity
# (I highly recommend it). All kinds of good info but
# pertinent to your search for planetary orders I refer
# you to Neugebauer's chapter entitled "Origin and
# Transmission of Hellenistic Science", especially p. 169.
#
# He states that the earliest horoscopes in Egypt date
# to the time of Augustus and says the spread of astrology
# in general dates from this time period (p. 168).
#
# As for the planetary orders the standard sequence in
# the Seleucid cuneiform texts is:
#
# Jupiter-Venus-Mercury-Saturn-Mars
#
# (the reason is "unknown"); the standard Greek horoscope
# order is:
#
# Sun-Moon-Saturn-Jupiter-Mars-Venus-Mercury
#
# (this follows the planets perceived depth per their
# periods of sidereal rotation); and finally points out
# that our current seven day week is a modification of
# this plan based on a scheme that assigns the planets
# to the 24 hours of the day:
#
# Sun-Moon-Mars-Mercury-Jupiter-Venus-Saturn
#
# (p. 169).
#
# ...Neugebauer does make this interesting comment regarding
# the Hellenistic planetary orders:
#
# "Here we have a system which is obviously
# Greek in origin and not only because it
# is based on the arrangement of the celestial
# bodies according to their distances from the
# earth but also it supposes a division of the
# day into 24 hours, a form of reckoning which
# is not Babylonian but a Hellenistic product
# of ultimately Egyptian origin. It is totally
# misleading when this origin is called
# 'Chaldean' in modern literature" (pp 169-170).
#
# But didn't the Graeco-Romans themselves *assume* this
# information was "Chaldean"...? I do find it interesting
# that astrology takes off in earnest following the Julian
# Calendar reforms and that both the person behind the
# reforms (Sosogines) and the planetary order of the
# seven day week have Egyptian origins....

so is this 'Chaldean' the same as 'The Chaldean Oracles'
in that it isn't an accurate reflection of the origins
of either these oracles *or* the planetary order?

curiouser and curiouser.

-----------------------------------------------------------

for fun and SL (Aquarian seasoning)

in http://groups.yahoo.com/group/mithras/message/772

Antonio Grilo writes:
# Cato presents the Seasons as follows:
# 1st day of Spring: when the Sun is in Aquarius
# 1st day of Summer: when the Sun is in Taurus
# 1st day of Autumn: when the Sun is in Leo
# (he also refers the rising of Sirius)
# 1st day of Winter: when the Sun is in Scorpius
#
# As to the activities prescribed for the Seasons,
# two of them have called my attention:
#
# - Sowing: from the Winter Solstice
# to the beginning of Spring.
#
# - Harvesting: from the start of Autumn
# to the Autumn Equinox.
#
# This is for the case someone wants to explore the
# agricultural aspect of Mithraic iconography.

[and check out this "natural" ordering:

http://www.panplanet.com/library/dict.htm

# The ten planets are in their natural order from the Sun:
# Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars,
# Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto

what makes this 'natural' in any sense????? ack!

=========================================================

I don't pretend to know how these notions progressed in
their popularity to the state or condition of knowledge
in which we now find them. like the series of tarotic
attributions, they get a kickstart from someone and
later others play with them differently for their own
purposes. as usual, my main interests are natural and
scientific: those series which are sustained by
observation and symbolic significance simultaneously.

thanks for your attention.

nagasiva
==========================
posted to ritual-magic
sacred landscape
and tarotl
apologies for any duplication
Di-a-rama
2004-01-08 19:09:52 UTC
Permalink
Post by nagasiva
http://members.aol.com/tonylouis/home/glossd-h.htm
# A division of each sign into three 10 degrees segments. There
# is a Hindu division of each sign into three decans ruled by the
# three signs of the same element. There is a Chaldean division
# of each sign into three 10 degrees faces ruled by the seven
# classical planets in Chaldean order, starting with Mars ruling
# the first Face of Aries.
#
# ...
#
# The weakest form of essential dignity, "like a man about to be
# turned out of doors.". Each sign is divided into three 10 degrees
# faces, and a different planet has dignity in each face of the sign.
# See Decanate.
here we apparently have a combination of Theories B *&* E!
and yet there is distinction: Hindu decanate, Chaldean faces.
Not sure if you were seeking responses as your post was a rather
self-contained package...

I have Anthony Louis' book "Horary Astrology Made Simple" which is mostly
based on the traditional practices of 17th century English astrologer
William Lilly. He refers to Decans and Faces on p. 98. While he does not
cite a source for the Decan divisions or their uses, the book states as
above that they are Hindu in origin. Since traditional European astrology
is a patchwork of many sources, it does not surprise me that something from
Hindy astrology would insinuate its way into western practice. Whether they
are correct or not almost doesn't matter--Decans in the context of Horary
astrology are not used to assign dignity to a planet/luminary, but Faces
*are* used.

Louis also states the application of Decan rulers is used by modern
astrologers--I'm not sure if he is implying that it is a newly adopted
modern practice, or what. However, that does not account for the reference
in Agrippa you cited (Chapter XXXVI, Book II). In this chapter, Agrippa
states that his sources are Egyptian, Indian and Chaldean. He then goes on
to describe general talismans based on elemental properties which is
probably the reason for referring to Decanates.

Also, Agrippa's material (including the Decanates) generally applies toward
crafting astrological talismans rather than relaying relative power to the
planets in other astrological contexts. Regardless, Face is the most
paltry, undesirable level of essential dignity there is--the consolation
prize. (Lilly gives points: +1 for face, +2 for terms, +3 for triplicity,
+4 for exaltation and +5 for rulership. Lack of essential dignity is called
'peregrine' and is worth -5 points.)

Anyway, Agrippa's talismans are whole packages with several factors required
to make them effective. In ch XLI, bk II (p. 386), an image of the Sun is
made thus:

Sun Hour
1st face of Leo Ascending with the Sun
Sun ascending in exaltation
(Make an image as described)

From this we get:

Sunrise on a Sunday when the Sun is in 1-10 degrees of Leo. If we're
looking at any other traditional practices, we'll probably also make the
moon waxing, not ill-dignified, and applying in a good aspect to the Sun.
But the real meat of this election is how the Sun is made fortunate by sign
and house placement plus hour/day rulers.

Ultimately, I think application of Face rulers to Tarot cards is misleading.
It takes the meaning out of context and tries to force fit it into a system
that is already complete in itself. I'm not sure if this agrees with the
original post--it seemed like the gist was to show how things are mindlessly
perpetuated and appropriated. Perhaps the best answer to this is to try it
and see if it works.

Cheers,
Di
Mochus
2004-01-11 08:07:02 UTC
Permalink
Post by Di-a-rama
Post by nagasiva
http://members.aol.com/tonylouis/home/glossd-h.htm
# A division of each sign into three 10 degrees segments. There
# is a Hindu division of each sign into three decans ruled by the
# three signs of the same element. There is a Chaldean division
# of each sign into three 10 degrees faces ruled by the seven
# classical planets in Chaldean order, starting with Mars ruling
# the first Face of Aries.
#
# ...
#
# The weakest form of essential dignity, "like a man about to be
# turned out of doors.". Each sign is divided into three 10 degrees
# faces, and a different planet has dignity in each face of the sign.
# See Decanate.
here we apparently have a combination of Theories B *&* E!
and yet there is distinction: Hindu decanate, Chaldean faces.
Not sure if you were seeking responses as your post was a rather
self-contained package...
I have Anthony Louis' book "Horary Astrology Made Simple" which is mostly
based on the traditional practices of 17th century English astrologer
William Lilly. He refers to Decans and Faces on p. 98. While he does not
cite a source for the Decan divisions or their uses, the book states as
above that they are Hindu in origin. Since traditional European astrology
is a patchwork of many sources, it does not surprise me that something from
Hindy astrology would insinuate its way into western practice. Whether they
are correct or not almost doesn't matter--Decans in the context of Horary
astrology are not used to assign dignity to a planet/luminary, but Faces
*are* used.
Louis also states the application of Decan rulers is used by modern
astrologers--I'm not sure if he is implying that it is a newly adopted
modern practice, or what. However, that does not account for the reference
in Agrippa you cited (Chapter XXXVI, Book II). In this chapter, Agrippa
states that his sources are Egyptian, Indian and Chaldean. He then goes on
to describe general talismans based on elemental properties which is
probably the reason for referring to Decanates.
Also, Agrippa's material (including the Decanates) generally applies toward
crafting astrological talismans rather than relaying relative power to the
planets in other astrological contexts. Regardless, Face is the most
paltry, undesirable level of essential dignity there is--the consolation
prize. (Lilly gives points: +1 for face, +2 for terms, +3 for triplicity,
+4 for exaltation and +5 for rulership. Lack of essential dignity is called
'peregrine' and is worth -5 points.)
Anyway, Agrippa's talismans are whole packages with several factors required
to make them effective. In ch XLI, bk II (p. 386), an image of the Sun is
Sun Hour
1st face of Leo Ascending with the Sun
Sun ascending in exaltation
(Make an image as described)
Sunrise on a Sunday when the Sun is in 1-10 degrees of Leo. If we're
looking at any other traditional practices, we'll probably also make the
moon waxing, not ill-dignified, and applying in a good aspect to the Sun.
But the real meat of this election is how the Sun is made fortunate by sign
and house placement plus hour/day rulers.
Ultimately, I think application of Face rulers to Tarot cards is misleading.
It takes the meaning out of context and tries to force fit it into a system
that is already complete in itself. I'm not sure if this agrees with the
original post--it seemed like the gist was to show how things are mindlessly
perpetuated and appropriated. Perhaps the best answer to this is to try it
and see if it works.
Cheers,
Di
Very interesting and informative. A few questions:
Have you read Ptolemy's *Tetrabiblos*? It seems that he opts
for the "Face" system for his 36 decans--so does *Picatrix* and
Kircher (*Oedipus Aegypticus*) and later Paul Christian in his
*History and Practice of Magic*. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the
present decan system seems to be a later,( perhaps post 1400's
before Agrippa) development. If so, it would hardly be valid to call
the Face system "paltry." "Obsolete" perhaps....? Your comment,
please?

Mochus
Di-a-rama
2004-01-11 15:24:27 UTC
Permalink
[...]
Post by Mochus
Post by Di-a-rama
Also, Agrippa's material (including the Decanates) generally applies toward
crafting astrological talismans rather than relaying relative power to the
planets in other astrological contexts. Regardless, Face is the most
paltry, undesirable level of essential dignity there is--the consolation
prize. (Lilly gives points: +1 for face, +2 for terms, +3 for triplicity,
+4 for exaltation and +5 for rulership. Lack of essential dignity is called
'peregrine' and is worth -5 points.)
[...]
Post by Mochus
Have you read Ptolemy's *Tetrabiblos*? It seems that he opts
for the "Face" system for his 36 decans--so does *Picatrix* and
Kircher (*Oedipus Aegypticus*) and later Paul Christian in his
*History and Practice of Magic*. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the
present decan system seems to be a later,( perhaps post 1400's
before Agrippa) development. If so, it would hardly be valid to call
the Face system "paltry." "Obsolete" perhaps....? Your comment,
please?
Most of the books you mention are on my "wish list"! So far, I've been able
to see bits and pieces of these and several others online. But through the
books I *do* have, these online sources, and discussion with others, most
agree that face and decanates are two separate, non-interchangeable systems
of dividing up the signs. That's why I wrote that it doesn't matter which
one we think is "correct", but rather that we apply each of them
appropriately. It may be that the decanates are as old as the faces, but
that they didn't find their way into Western practice until much later,
after the faces were already being used. I know very little about Indian
astrology (the proposed source of the decanates), but I do know it is a very
old, unbroken tradition.

I kept the part of my original post you responded to...I was only referring
to the use of face as it imparts essential dignity to a planet and not
making any kind of value judgments beyond that. The fact that Lilly and
others give face only one point (out of a potential 5) seems to indicate
that face is really not very important, but still a little worthy. Lehman
has described the face dignity as being somewhat akin to "fear". Whereas a
planet in rulership is like a king in his own kingdom, a planet in face is
like a wallflower at party given by the friend of a friend.

I also wanted to point out that while face is prescribed by Agrippa in the
talismans, it is only one part of a larger whole, and many of the other
factors are actually even more important than just the indicated face.
Faces are indeed obsolete in modern astrology, but for some reason,
decanates are used. Perhaps it is more influence from the Indian practices.

Cheers,
Dianne
Mochus
2004-01-12 05:39:01 UTC
Permalink
Post by Di-a-rama
[...]
Post by Mochus
Post by Di-a-rama
Also, Agrippa's material (including the Decanates) generally applies toward
crafting astrological talismans rather than relaying relative power to the
planets in other astrological contexts. Regardless, Face is the most
paltry, undesirable level of essential dignity there is--the consolation
prize. (Lilly gives points: +1 for face, +2 for terms, +3 for triplicity,
+4 for exaltation and +5 for rulership. Lack of essential dignity is called
'peregrine' and is worth -5 points.)
[...]
Post by Mochus
Have you read Ptolemy's *Tetrabiblos*? It seems that he opts
for the "Face" system for his 36 decans--so does *Picatrix* and
Kircher (*Oedipus Aegypticus*) and later Paul Christian in his
*History and Practice of Magic*. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the
present decan system seems to be a later,( perhaps post 1400's
before Agrippa) development. If so, it would hardly be valid to call
the Face system "paltry." "Obsolete" perhaps....? Your comment,
please?
Most of the books you mention are on my "wish list"! So far, I've been able
to see bits and pieces of these and several others online. But through the
books I *do* have, these online sources, and discussion with others, most
agree that face and decanates are two separate, non-interchangeable systems
of dividing up the signs. That's why I wrote that it doesn't matter which
one we think is "correct", but rather that we apply each of them
appropriately. It may be that the decanates are as old as the faces, but
that they didn't find their way into Western practice until much later,
after the faces were already being used. I know very little about Indian
astrology (the proposed source of the decanates), but I do know it is a very
old, unbroken tradition.
I kept the part of my original post you responded to...I was only referring
to the use of face as it imparts essential dignity to a planet and not
making any kind of value judgments beyond that. The fact that Lilly and
others give face only one point (out of a potential 5) seems to indicate
that face is really not very important, but still a little worthy. Lehman
has described the face dignity as being somewhat akin to "fear". Whereas a
planet in rulership is like a king in his own kingdom, a planet in face is
like a wallflower at party given by the friend of a friend.
I also wanted to point out that while face is prescribed by Agrippa in the
talismans, it is only one part of a larger whole, and many of the other
factors are actually even more important than just the indicated face.
Faces are indeed obsolete in modern astrology, but for some reason,
decanates are used. Perhaps it is more influence from the Indian practices.
Cheers,
Dianne
Thanks for a useful reply. You realize that the decans are a later
one-half of 72 Egyptian good-and-bad sky gods, so where did the Hindus
get their 36 from? As for the Indian system, it is siderial but
apparently Alexander the Great (Alexander the Pig if you prefer) seems
to have foisted the zodiac starting in Aires on the Indians and
everyone else. Have you read Cyril Fagin's *Astrological Origins*?
Siderially the zodiac equal house system does anchor at Regulus in Leo
but it should actually begin in the Pleidies in Taurus--and did
before Alex messed with it. Aleph is the bull in old Phoenician. BTW,
*Picatrix* (The Aim of the Sage) uses the Hindu Lunar Mansions but not
their decan arrangement....hmmmm?

Cheers yourself,
Mochus
Di-a-rama
2004-01-13 22:10:34 UTC
Permalink
Post by Mochus
Thanks for a useful reply. You realize that the decans are a later
one-half of 72 Egyptian good-and-bad sky gods, so where did the Hindus
get their 36 from? As for the Indian system, it is siderial but
apparently Alexander the Great (Alexander the Pig if you prefer) seems
to have foisted the zodiac starting in Aires on the Indians and
everyone else. Have you read Cyril Fagin's *Astrological Origins*?
Siderially the zodiac equal house system does anchor at Regulus in Leo
but it should actually begin in the Pleidies in Taurus--and did
before Alex messed with it. Aleph is the bull in old Phoenician. BTW,
*Picatrix* (The Aim of the Sage) uses the Hindu Lunar Mansions but not
their decan arrangement....hmmmm?
I'm not sure I can adequately answer all these questions. It is possible
that there is yet another system used by the Egyptians, in which case, there
would really not be any de facto relationship between the 72/36.
Contemporary Indian astrology is actually sidereal, so I don't think the
theory of political oppression really bears out. Regarding the Picatrix
Lunar Mansions--if you look at http://www.renaissanceastrology.com/ you will
find lots of great info and chart examples. The site owner uses/teaches
tropical mansions rather than sidereal. I don't think they really have
anything to do with the decans since their divisions of the 360 degree wheel
will give a mansion size of 12.9 degrees (360 divided by 28 Lunar Mansions).

Cheers,
Dianne
Mochus
2004-01-14 06:42:30 UTC
Permalink
Post by Di-a-rama
Post by Mochus
Thanks for a useful reply. You realize that the decans are a later
one-half of 72 Egyptian good-and-bad sky gods, so where did the Hindus
get their 36 from? As for the Indian system, it is siderial but
apparently Alexander the Great (Alexander the Pig if you prefer) seems
to have foisted the zodiac starting in Aires on the Indians and
everyone else. Have you read Cyril Fagin's *Astrological Origins*?
Siderially the zodiac equal house system does anchor at Regulus in Leo
but it should actually begin in the Pleidies in Taurus--and did
before Alex messed with it. Aleph is the bull in old Phoenician. BTW,
*Picatrix* (The Aim of the Sage) uses the Hindu Lunar Mansions but not
their decan arrangement....hmmmm?
I'm not sure I can adequately answer all these questions. It is possible
that there is yet another system used by the Egyptians, in which case, there
would really not be any de facto relationship between the 72/36.
Contemporary Indian astrology is actually sidereal, so I don't think the
theory of political oppression really bears out. Regarding the Picatrix
Lunar Mansions--if you look at http://www.renaissanceastrology.com/ you will
find lots of great info and chart examples. The site owner uses/teaches
tropical mansions rather than sidereal. I don't think they really have
anything to do with the decans since their divisions of the 360 degree wheel
will give a mansion size of 12.9 degrees (360 divided by 28 Lunar Mansions).
Cheers,
Dianne
Dianne:

Since we got into this interesting discussion I done some digging in
musty archives and I've made a discovery about "Faces" verses
Decans---it answers some of our questions but raises others. Basically
it's this: Ptolemy calls his 36 divisions "Faces" but he means Decans.
Faces in modern terms are apparently a five section, six degree,
division of a sign. No relation to a Decan which has to be three to a
sign. Ptolemy, followed by Picatrix and Kircher, arranged the
planetary rulers of the decans in geocentric sequence starting with
Mars in Aires slot # 1., Sun in slot 2 and Venus in 3. Taurus starts
with Mercury and so on. They were still referred to as faces and
decans. Now at some point (I suspect post Copernican) the current
system, governed by the elemental nature of the triplicity, supplanted
the old system. (The planetary dignity of each succeeding sign in the
triplicity dictates the sequence.) Whether this is an Indian import or
not I can't say. I thought Thorndike or Hinkley Allen would yield the
answer, but no luck there. Lets throw this out and see if somebody
knows....Who canned Ptolemy's decans (faces) and when?

Hocus Pocus dominocus,

Mochus
Di-a-rama
2004-01-14 15:34:52 UTC
Permalink
Post by Mochus
Since we got into this interesting discussion I done some digging in
musty archives and I've made a discovery about "Faces" verses
Decans---it answers some of our questions but raises others. Basically
it's this: Ptolemy calls his 36 divisions "Faces" but he means Decans.
Faces in modern terms are apparently a five section, six degree,
division of a sign. No relation to a Decan which has to be three to a
sign. Ptolemy, followed by Picatrix and Kircher, arranged the
planetary rulers of the decans in geocentric sequence starting with
Mars in Aires slot # 1., Sun in slot 2 and Venus in 3. Taurus starts
with Mercury and so on. They were still referred to as faces and
decans. Now at some point (I suspect post Copernican) the current
system, governed by the elemental nature of the triplicity, supplanted
the old system. (The planetary dignity of each succeeding sign in the
triplicity dictates the sequence.) Whether this is an Indian import or
not I can't say. I thought Thorndike or Hinkley Allen would yield the
answer, but no luck there. Lets throw this out and see if somebody
knows....Who canned Ptolemy's decans (faces) and when?
I found this in the Picatrix summary at Twilight Grotto [I added a few
comments in brackets]:

Picatrix, attributed to Andalusian mathematician al-Majriti (or al-Madjriti)
(d. ca. 1004-7) [which would make this before Copernicus by approx. 500
years, but certainly after Ptolemy]

http://www.esotericarchives.com/picatrix.htm

<quote>

[Book II]
Chapter 2 treats the subject of the celestial images and their significance,
i.e., the forty-eight constellations known to the Greeks and the
paranatellonta [somewhat like an aspect--Greek for "acting simultaneously"]
of the thirty-six decans. The three decans of Aries in the "Indian" system
are selected from Abû Ma`shar [he lived during the 9th century] by way of
example and a full explanation of their paranatellonta given (pp. 59-62).
Ibn Wahshîja follows the same method of interpretation: he uses the
triplicities, while the "Indian sage" Tumtum and others use the degrees
(p.62). Examples of the images ascending in the degrees are given and their
significance explained, with reference to a book by Jâbir which has not
survived (pp.62-68). Finally, the author computes the possible number of
planetary conjunctions in a single degree, on the basis of a work by
"Herrnes", extending, as he does so, a section of Jâbir's Kitâb al-Baht (pp.
63-65).


[Book II]
Chapter 12 gives a second list of decans, based on the system of the
"Indians", in which the decans are called darîjân, the Indian name for them.
They are now allotted to the planets in such a way that each first decan
contains the lord of the zodiacal sign (Mars, e.g., is in the first decan of
Aries), while to the other two decans are allotted the lords of the signs
situated trigonally (120°) distant from them, as, in Aries, the Sun (Leo)
and Jupiter (Sagittarius). The effects only are given, not the images (pp.
141-43). We continue with information on Brahmin ascetic practices, which
are performed at astrologically significant times and, by enabling the
practitioners to reach a state of dematerialization, allow them to dominate
the celestial powers. They are guided by a "Book of the Buddha", from which
extracts are quoted (pp.144-46). Then comes the description, frequently
found in other texts, of the severance of a head from a living body so that
it may be questioned for prophetic purposes. Our author gives no indication
that he is here deserting the "Indians" for the Sabians (pp.146-47). There
follows a detailed list of the colors belonging to the decans of the planets
(again called wujûh, facies), without any indication of what the
significance of this is. If we are to believe this list, each planet has
three decans, as though it were a sign of the zodiac, and one color and two
talismans are attributed to every decan (pp. 147-151). The conclusion of the
chapter and of Book II consists of an extract from a work on talismans by
the physician alRazi, describing the constellations favorable to the
manufacture of talismans for specific purposes (pp.151-52). The author gives
the names of several books, among them the much-quoted Kitâb al-Baht, by
Jâbir, whose pupil he professes to be. Finally, he gives the contents of
both the magical books of the Laws, ascribed to Plato, and compares their
method with that of Jâbir (pp.152-57).

</quote>

I think we're still talking about two systems of 10 degree divisions. Since
western practice is a mish-mash, it isn't surprising. Plus, many ancient
sources do not agree with each other, and they often have internal
inconsistencies.

I also found this post on the Renaissance Astrology Yahoo group which
briefly chronicles both systems from 2nd century BC to the 16th century AD
(from Dendera to Agrippa). Before we even get to Agrippa, the two systems
are regularly referenced & utilized.

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Spiritus_Mundi/message/2385?source=1

And I think we really shouldn't even consider modern tropical
astrology--there is a sort of selective blindness in modern resources which
makes it difficult to discern where the information is really coming from.

Cheers,
Dianne
Mochus
2004-01-15 02:06:26 UTC
Permalink
Post by Di-a-rama
Post by Mochus
Since we got into this interesting discussion I done some digging in
musty archives and I've made a discovery about "Faces" verses
Decans---it answers some of our questions but raises others. Basically
it's this: Ptolemy calls his 36 divisions "Faces" but he means Decans.
Faces in modern terms are apparently a five section, six degree,
division of a sign. No relation to a Decan which has to be three to a
sign. Ptolemy, followed by Picatrix and Kircher, arranged the
planetary rulers of the decans in geocentric sequence starting with
Mars in Aires slot # 1., Sun in slot 2 and Venus in 3. Taurus starts
with Mercury and so on. They were still referred to as faces and
decans. Now at some point (I suspect post Copernican) the current
system, governed by the elemental nature of the triplicity, supplanted
the old system. (The planetary dignity of each succeeding sign in the
triplicity dictates the sequence.) Whether this is an Indian import or
not I can't say. I thought Thorndike or Hinkley Allen would yield the
answer, but no luck there. Lets throw this out and see if somebody
knows....Who canned Ptolemy's decans (faces) and when?
I found this in the Picatrix summary at Twilight Grotto [I added a few
Picatrix, attributed to Andalusian mathematician al-Majriti (or al-Madjriti)
(d. ca. 1004-7) [which would make this before Copernicus by approx. 500
years, but certainly after Ptolemy]
http://www.esotericarchives.com/picatrix.htm
<quote>
[Book II]
Chapter 2 treats the subject of the celestial images and their significance,
i.e., the forty-eight constellations known to the Greeks and the
paranatellonta [somewhat like an aspect--Greek for "acting simultaneously"]
of the thirty-six decans. The three decans of Aries in the "Indian" system
are selected from Abû Ma`shar [he lived during the 9th century] by way of
example and a full explanation of their paranatellonta given (pp. 59-62).
Ibn Wahshîja follows the same method of interpretation: he uses the
triplicities, while the "Indian sage" Tumtum and others use the degrees
(p.62). Examples of the images ascending in the degrees are given and their
significance explained, with reference to a book by Jâbir which has not
survived (pp.62-68). Finally, the author computes the possible number of
planetary conjunctions in a single degree, on the basis of a work by
"Herrnes", extending, as he does so, a section of Jâbir's Kitâb al-Baht (pp.
63-65).
[Book II]
Chapter 12 gives a second list of decans, based on the system of the
"Indians", in which the decans are called darîjân, the Indian name for them.
They are now allotted to the planets in such a way that each first decan
contains the lord of the zodiacal sign (Mars, e.g., is in the first decan of
Aries), while to the other two decans are allotted the lords of the signs
situated trigonally (120°) distant from them, as, in Aries, the Sun (Leo)
and Jupiter (Sagittarius). The effects only are given, not the images (pp.
141-43). We continue with information on Brahmin ascetic practices, which
are performed at astrologically significant times and, by enabling the
practitioners to reach a state of dematerialization, allow them to dominate
the celestial powers. They are guided by a "Book of the Buddha", from which
extracts are quoted (pp.144-46). Then comes the description, frequently
found in other texts, of the severance of a head from a living body so that
it may be questioned for prophetic purposes. Our author gives no indication
that he is here deserting the "Indians" for the Sabians (pp.146-47). There
follows a detailed list of the colors belonging to the decans of the planets
(again called wujûh, facies), without any indication of what the
significance of this is. If we are to believe this list, each planet has
three decans, as though it were a sign of the zodiac, and one color and two
talismans are attributed to every decan (pp. 147-151). The conclusion of the
chapter and of Book II consists of an extract from a work on talismans by
the physician alRazi, describing the constellations favorable to the
manufacture of talismans for specific purposes (pp.151-52). The author gives
the names of several books, among them the much-quoted Kitâb al-Baht, by
Jâbir, whose pupil he professes to be. Finally, he gives the contents of
both the magical books of the Laws, ascribed to Plato, and compares their
method with that of Jâbir (pp.152-57).
</quote>
I think we're still talking about two systems of 10 degree divisions. Since
western practice is a mish-mash, it isn't surprising. Plus, many ancient
sources do not agree with each other, and they often have internal
inconsistencies.
I also found this post on the Renaissance Astrology Yahoo group which
briefly chronicles both systems from 2nd century BC to the 16th century AD
(from Dendera to Agrippa). Before we even get to Agrippa, the two systems
are regularly referenced & utilized.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Spiritus_Mundi/message/2385?source=1
And I think we really shouldn't even consider modern tropical
astrology--there is a sort of selective blindness in modern resources which
makes it difficult to discern where the information is really coming from.
Cheers,
Dianne
Your picking in Picatrix is better than mine! I got disgusted when
they published only half the book and I didn't study it as closely as
I should have. I think you've got it. Thanks.

M.

Di-a-rama
2004-01-14 16:17:17 UTC
Permalink
Basically it's this: Ptolemy calls his 36 divisions "Faces" but he means
Decans. Faces in modern terms are apparently a five section, six degree,
division of a sign. No relation to a Decan which has to be three to a sign.
I forgot to add...

The six degree divisions you mention (which may be called Faces in some
modern sources) are called "Terms" in traditional astrology. As I mentioned
before, there are 5 levels of essential dignity: Rulership, Exaltation,
Triplicity, Terms and Faces. So, Terms and Faces are two separate systems
which are both used. Decanates are an additional 10 degree division system
which is "confused" with Faces.

The Yahoo group I already mentioned has an extensive thread on this topic
from December 2002. I think I've already said all I can on this subject, so
if you want more info, there is a lot to see in that archive.

Cheers,
Dianne
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